Females

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, causes chronic (long-term) inflammation and leads to symptoms like frequent diarrhea, abdominal pain, and nausea. For women, IBD symptoms can go beyond the digestive tract and affect menstruation (periods), fertility, and pregnancy. IBD affects men and women similarly. However, there are some sex-related differences…